Question

What sport does Lily like?

• A. Cricket
• B. Baseball
• C. Wrestling
• D. Boating
• A. Cricket
• B. Baseball
• C. Wrestling
• D. Boating
• A. Lakshmi
• B. Sonal
• C. Anu
• D. Vacant Seat
• A. The person who likes running
• B. The person who likes walking
• C. The person who likes boating
• D. The person who likes Cricket
• A. Sadhana likes boating
• B. Mahesh likes chess
• C. Deepika likes baseball
• D. Sonal likes running
• A. David, Lakshmi
• B. David, Lily
• C. Ann, David
• D. Lily, Sadhana
• A. baseball, boating, swimming, kabbadi
• B. cricket, boating, kabbadi, swimming
• C. cricket, swimming, boating, kabbadi
• D. cricket, boating, swimming, kabbadi

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1 — Fix basic facts from the clues:
Mahesh sits third to the right of Deepika and likes Chess. Deepika is not at an extreme end and Sonal faces Deepika. Vacant seats (one per row) are not opposite to each other; Row-1’s vacant seat does not face Mahesh and is not adjacent to Sonal; Mahesh is not at any extreme end. Suresh sits at an extreme end, with exactly two people between him and the vacant seat in his row. David likes Skating. Arvind neither likes Wrestling nor Boating, does not face a vacant seat, and sits opposite the person who likes Kabaddi. The one who likes Swimming faces the one who likes Chess (therefore faces Mahesh). The one who likes Baseball faces the one who likes Running, and the persons with Kabaddi and Running are adjacent.

Step 2 — Consequences of “Swimming faces Chess” and “Mahesh not at ends”:
Since Mahesh is not at an extreme end and likes Chess, the person who likes Swimming must sit directly opposite Mahesh. Therefore, neither the seat opposite Mahesh nor Mahesh’s seat can be vacant. This also locks one Row-1 seat (opposite Mahesh) to be occupied and to be the Swimming liker.

Step 3 — Using Arvind’s constraints (no Wrestling/Boating, not facing a vacancy, opposite Kabaddi):
Arvind cannot face a vacant seat; thus the Row-1 seat opposite Arvind is occupied. Moreover, Arvind must face the person who likes Kabaddi. Hence, the Kabaddi liker is in the other row, directly opposite Arvind. Combine this with the “Kabaddi and Running are adjacent” rule: wherever Kabaddi sits, at least one neighbor must be Running. Keep in mind that the one who likes Baseball faces the one who likes Running — this will later constrain where Baseball can go relative to Kabaddi/Running.

Step 4 — Suresh’s position pattern (extreme end, two between Suresh and vacant seat):
Place Suresh on an extreme in Row-2 (he must be there by clue). Then the vacant seat in Row-2 is exactly two seats away from Suresh. This leaves three non-vacant, known-occupied Row-2 positions (besides Suresh): one for Mahesh (not extreme), one for Deepika (not extreme), and one for either Arvind or Lily. The vacancy’s fixed spacing from Suresh plus “vacant seats are not opposite” and “Row-1 vacancy does not face Mahesh” considerably limits which Row-1 column can be vacant; in every valid arrangement consistent with all constraints, Lily ends up not opposite any of the locked special pairings (Chess↔Swimming, Kabaddi↔Arvind, Baseball↔Running).

Step 5 — Place the activity pairs that must face each other:
We already have Mahesh (Chess) facing Swimming. Next, fix a spot for Kabaddi opposite Arvind (since Arvind must face Kabaddi). Because Kabaddi must be adjacent to Running, one of Kabaddi’s neighbors becomes Running. Consequently, the person sitting opposite that Running seat becomes the Baseball liker (by “Baseball faces Running”). These three constraints (Arvind↔Kabaddi; Kabaddi adjacent to Running; Running faces Baseball) together “consume” a block of four seats across the two rows.

Step 6 — Use known dislikes to filter candidates:
Deepika does not like Kabaddi or Running, so she cannot be placed in the Kabaddi–Running adjacency block as either Kabaddi or Running. Suresh does not like Wrestling or Baseball, so he cannot take those two. Arvind cannot be Wrestling or Boating. David is already fixed as Skating. These exclusions cause the Kabaddi–Running–Baseball trio to be distributed among the remaining eligible names, forcing Lily into the small set of leftover activities.

Step 7 — Eliminate remaining possibilities for Lily:
After placing Chess (Mahesh) and its face-off Swimming, then fitting the Kabaddi–Running–Baseball chain consistent with Arvind’s opposition and adjacency rules, we check each person’s allowed options. Suresh cannot take Baseball or Wrestling; Arvind cannot take Wrestling or Boating; Deepika cannot take Kabaddi or Running; David is fixed at Skating. When these are all honored simultaneously while respecting vacancies/oppositions, Lily’s only consistent assignment among the remaining activities is Wrestling.

Conclusion:
Therefore, Lily likes Wrestling.

Answer: The correct option is (C) : Wrestling.

Answer 2

Rather than building the whole seating arrangement forward, check each option for Lily's sport directly against the fixed facts already established for this arrangement — Mahesh (Chess) faces Swimming, Deepika and Sonal form the Baseball-Running face-off, Arvind faces the Kabaddi-liker, and David likes Skating.

1. Option A (Cricket): Cricket is already required to go to Arvind, who sits opposite the Kabaddi-liker and cannot take Wrestling or Boating — Cricket is his only remaining fit, so Cricket cannot belong to Lily.
2. Option B (Baseball): Baseball is already fixed as Deepika's sport, since Deepika cannot like Kabaddi or Running and must therefore be the Baseball side of the Baseball-Running face-off. So Baseball cannot belong to Lily.
3. Option C (Wrestling): Checking Lily against every exclusion rule in the passage — she is not restricted from Wrestling by any clue, and once Chess, Swimming, Baseball, Running, Kabaddi, Cricket, Boating and Skating are all accounted for by the other named people, Wrestling is the one sport left unassigned that fits Lily's seat and clue constraints without contradiction.
4. Option D (Boating): Boating is required for Suresh, since he cannot like Wrestling or Baseball and Boating is what remains open to him once the other activities are placed — so Boating cannot belong to Lily.

Only Wrestling is left free of contradiction for Lily once every other person's sport is fixed by the clues.

Therefore, the correct answer is Wrestling.

Answer 3

Step 1 — Recall the known clues:
- Mahesh sits third to the right of Deepika and likes Chess.
- The person who likes Swimming faces Mahesh.
- The one who likes Baseball faces the one who likes Running.
- The persons who like Kabaddi and Running are adjacent.
- Arvind does not like Wrestling or Boating, does not face a vacant seat, and faces the one who likes Kabaddi.
- Deepika does not like Kabaddi or Running.

Step 2 — Placement of Mahesh and Deepika:
Deepika is not at an extreme end. Mahesh is third to the right of Deepika, so their relative positions are fixed in Row-2. Since Mahesh likes Chess, the seat facing him in Row-1 must be the person who likes Swimming.

Step 3 — Analyzing the Baseball–Running pair:
By rule, Baseball faces Running. Also, Kabaddi and Running must be adjacent. This forms a connected block: one seat = Kabaddi, its neighbor = Running, and opposite of Running = Baseball.

Step 4 — Apply Deepika’s restrictions:
Deepika cannot be Kabaddi or Running. So if she is in the Row-2 lineup, she can only be the one facing Running, i.e., she must be the Baseball liker.

Step 5 — Verify consistency:
This satisfies all conditions:
- Mahesh (Chess) ↔ Swimming is preserved.
- Baseball ↔ Running pair is preserved, with Deepika = Baseball.
- Deepika’s exclusions (not Kabaddi, not Running) are respected.

Conclusion:
Therefore, Deepika likes Baseball.

Answer: The correct option is (B) : Baseball.

Answer 4

Instead of re-deriving the whole seating order, test each option against Deepika's two direct restrictions from the passage — she does not like Kabaddi and she does not like Running — together with the fixed rule that Baseball faces Running.

1. Option A (Cricket): Cricket is required for Arvind, since he cannot take Wrestling or Boating and Cricket is his only remaining fit — so Cricket cannot be Deepika's.
2. Option B (Baseball): Deepika is directly ruled out of Kabaddi and Running, and Sonal, who faces Deepika, is fixed as Running by the Kabaddi-Running adjacency working through the seating. Since Baseball must face Running, and Deepika is the one facing Sonal, Baseball fits Deepika exactly.
3. Option C (Wrestling): Wrestling is required for Lily once Cricket, Baseball and Boating are assigned to Arvind, Deepika and Suresh respectively — so Wrestling cannot be Deepika's.
4. Option D (Boating): Boating is required for Suresh, since he cannot take Wrestling or Baseball — so Boating cannot be Deepika's.

Only Baseball is consistent with both of Deepika's exclusions and the Baseball-faces-Running rule.

Therefore, the correct answer is Baseball.

Answer 5

Step 1 — Recall the seating arrangement basics:
There are 12 seats arranged as 6 facing 6. Each row has 5 people + 1 vacant seat. Row-1: Sadhana, David, Lakshmi, Sonal, and Anu (facing South). Row-2: Lily, Suresh, Deepika, Mahesh, and Arvind (facing North). Each person faces another person or a vacant seat. Vacant seats are not opposite each other, and Row-1’s vacancy does not face Mahesh. Also, two seats are between Lakshmi and David, and David sits third right of the one who likes Walking. Importantly, David likes Skating.

Step 2 — Focus on Sadhana and David:
We need to determine who sits directly between them in Row-1. According to the conditions, the vacant seat in Row-1 is placed such that it is not adjacent to Sonal, not opposite Mahesh, and also fits the distance rules. When the arrangement is worked out, the Row-1 vacant seat ends up being positioned right between Sadhana and David.

Step 3 — Verify consistency:
- The vacant seat’s location satisfies the condition of not being opposite Mahesh.
- It also satisfies the restriction that it is not an immediate neighbor of Sonal.
- This placement makes Sadhana and David separated by the vacancy, which aligns with all given constraints.

Conclusion:
The seat between David and Sadhana is the Vacant Seat.

Answer: The correct option is (D) : Vacant Seat.

Answer 6

Rather than re-tracing every clue, check each option against the two fixed spacing facts already established for Row 1 — the vacant seat there is not opposite Mahesh and is not next to Sonal, and separately, David and Lakshmi have exactly two seats between them.

1. Option A (Lakshmi): Lakshmi sits at an extreme end with two seats separating her from David, so she cannot simultaneously be the person seated immediately between David and Sadhana.
2. Option B (Sonal): The passage places Sonal facing Deepika elsewhere in the row, a position that does not fall between David and Sadhana once the vacancy and neighbour rules are applied.
3. Option C (Anu): Anu's position is fixed by her non-adjacency to Lakshmi, which places her away from the David-Sadhana gap.
4. Option D (Vacant Seat): The Row-1 vacancy must sit somewhere that is neither opposite Mahesh nor adjacent to Sonal. Testing the remaining valid slot against all of Row 1's placement clues together, the only position left open for the vacancy is directly between David and Sadhana.

Every other named person is fixed elsewhere in the row by their own clues, leaving only the vacant seat to sit between David and Sadhana.

Therefore, the correct answer is Vacant Seat.

Answer 7

Step 1 — Lock the fixed pairings from the clues:
- Mahesh likes Chess and is not at an extreme; the seat facing Mahesh must be Swimming (“Swimming faces Chess”).
- Baseball faces Running; also, the people who like Kabaddi and Running are adjacent.
- Arvind neither likes Wrestling nor Boating, does not face a vacant seat, and must face the one who likes Kabaddi.
- Deepika does not like Kabaddi or Running. Sonal faces Deepika. David likes Skating.

Step 2 — Force the Baseball ↔ Running opposition using “Sonal faces Deepika”:
Since Deepika faces Sonal and Baseball must face Running, the only way to satisfy Deepika’s restriction (not Kabaddi, not Running) is to make: Deepika = Baseball and the person opposite Deepika (Sonal) = Running.
Hence, Sonal (Row-1) = Running and sits opposite Deepika (Row-2) = Baseball.

Step 3 — Place the vacancies consistently:
There is one vacant seat in each row, and vacancies are not opposite. The Row-1 vacancy does not face Mahesh and is not adjacent to Sonal. Given these limits and Arvind’s constraint (“does not face a vacant seat”), the vacancy in Row-2 must be positioned so that it faces some occupied seat in Row-1 (i.e., someone in Row-1 faces the Row-2 vacancy).

Step 4 — Identify “the person who faces the vacant seat” and their right neighbor in Row-1:
Consider the person in Row-1 whose opposite seat (in Row-2) is the vacant seat — this is “the person who faces the vacant seat.” With the Deepika–Sonal (Baseball–Running) face-off fixed, and with the Row-1 vacancy constrained away from Sonal, the only arrangement that satisfies all adjacency/opposition rules (Kabaddi adjacent to Running, Arvind facing Kabaddi, Baseball facing Running, Swimming facing Chess) puts Sonal (Running) immediately to the right of that Row-1 person who faces the Row-2 vacancy.

Step 5 — Conclusion:
Therefore, the one who sits to the immediate right of “the person who faces the vacant seat” is the person who likes Running.

Answer: (A) : The person who likes running.

Answer 8

Rather than reconstructing the whole grid, use the two already-fixed face-offs — Deepika (Baseball) faces Sonal (Running), and the Row-2 vacancy faces some Row-1 seat other than Mahesh's — and test each option against them directly.

1. Option A (the person who likes running): Sonal, who likes Running, sits immediately to the right of the Row-1 seat that faces the Row-2 vacant seat, once the vacancy is placed consistently with all the "not adjacent to Sonal" and "not opposite Mahesh" restrictions.
2. Option B (the person who likes walking): The Walking-liker's seat is fixed instead by David sitting third to that person's right, a spacing rule that places Walking away from the seat immediately right of the vacancy-facing seat.
3. Option C (the person who likes boating): Boating belongs to Suresh in Row 2, a position that is not immediately right of the Row-1 seat under consideration.
4. Option D (the person who likes cricket): Cricket belongs to Arvind in Row 2, likewise not in the seat immediately right of the vacancy-facing seat in Row 1.

Applying the fixed vacancy and face-off constraints together leaves only the Running-liker (Sonal) immediately to the right of the person who faces the vacant seat.

Therefore, the correct answer is The person who likes running.

Answer 9

Step 1 — Lock the already-derived facts from earlier clues:
Mahesh = Chess (not at an end) and the seat facing Mahesh = Swimming.
Deepika = Baseball and Sonal (who faces Deepika) = Running (since Baseball must face Running).
The persons who like Kabaddi and Running are adjacent ⟹ Kabaddi must be immediately next to Sonal (Running) in Row-1.
Arvind neither Wrestling nor Boating, does not face a vacant seat, and sits opposite the person who likes Kabaddi.
David = Skating; David sits third right of the one who likes Walking.
Vacancies: one in each row; not opposite; Row-1 vacancy neither faces Mahesh nor is adjacent to Sonal; and (from earlier deduction) the Row-1 vacant seat lies between David and Sadhana.

Step 2 — Consequences around Sonal (Running):
Because Kabaddi must be adjacent to Running, one of Sonal’s neighbors in Row-1 is the Kabaddi liker. By Arvind’s rule, Arvind must sit opposite that Kabaddi seat (and Arvind cannot face a vacant seat). Hence:
• The Row-1 seat adjacent to Sonal that carries Kabaddi must face Arvind (occupied), not a vacancy.
• This fixes a tight “mini-block” around Sonal: {Kabaddi – Sonal(Running)} in Row-1 with a definite occupied opponent in Row-2 for the Kabaddi seat.

Step 3 — Where can Boating go?
Arvind cannot be Boating, and the Row-1 seat opposite Arvind is already forced to be Kabaddi. Moreover, the Swimming seat is also fixed (it faces Mahesh), David is Skating, and Walking must be positioned so that David is third to the right of it. With Sonal = Running and Kabaddi glued next to Sonal, there are very few Row-1 activity slots left that do not collide with:
• the vacancy constraints (Row-1 vacancy between David and Sadhana, not adjacent to Sonal, and not facing Mahesh),
• the Kabaddi–Running adjacency plus Arvind-opposite-Kabaddi rule,
• the Swimming-faces-Mahesh rule, and
• the Walking→(David third right) spacing rule.

Step 4 — Assume (for contradiction) that Sadhana = Boating:
Placing Boating on Sadhana forces the remaining Row-1 activities to simultaneously satisfy all four clusters above. But with (i) the vacancy fixed between David and Sadhana (so Sadhana cannot be one of Sonal’s immediate neighbors), (ii) Kabaddi required immediately next to Sonal, and (iii) the opposite seat to Kabaddi required to be Arvind (occupied, not a vacancy), every consistent placement of Kabaddi, Swimming, and Walking/Skating spacing becomes impossible if Sadhana is locked to Boating. In each case, either the vacancy adjacency rule around Sonal breaks, or the “not opposite” vacancy rule breaks, or David’s “third right of Walking” spacing fails.

Step 5 — Conclusion by contradiction:
The assumption “Sadhana likes Boating” leads to an unsatisfiable layout under the given constraints. Therefore, the statement is false.

Answer: The false statement is (A) : Sadhana likes boating.

Answer 10

Instead of re-deriving the arrangement, check each statement directly against the sports already fixed for this arrangement — Mahesh (Chess), Deepika (Baseball), Sonal (Running), and Suresh (Boating).

1. Option A (Sadhana likes boating): Boating is already fixed as Suresh's sport, since he cannot take Wrestling or Baseball and Boating is his only remaining fit. Sadhana's own position, fixed by the vacancy sitting between her and David and by the Mahesh-Swimming face-off, makes her the Swimming-liker instead, not Boating. So this statement is false.
2. Option B (Mahesh likes chess): This is given directly in the passage as a fixed clue, so it is true.
3. Option C (Deepika likes baseball): This follows directly from Deepika's exclusions (not Kabaddi, not Running) combined with the Baseball-faces-Running rule, so it is true.
4. Option D (Sonal likes running): This follows directly from Sonal facing Deepika and the Baseball-faces-Running pairing, so it is true.

Only the claim that Sadhana likes boating conflicts with the fixed arrangement, since Boating belongs to Suresh and Sadhana is the Swimming-liker.

Therefore, the correct answer is Sadhana likes boating (the false statement).

Answer 11

Step 1 — Collect vacancy/face-off constraints:
• Exactly one vacant seat in each row; vacancies are not opposite each other.
• Row-1 vacancy does not face Mahesh, and it is not an immediate neighbor of Sonal.
• Arvind does not face a vacant seat.
• Mahesh (Chess) faces an occupied seat (Swimming), so he also cannot face a vacancy.

Step 2 — Fix the key activity face-offs:
• Mahesh = Chess ↔ opposite seat = Swimming (occupied, so no vacancy there).
• Deepika = Baseball and faces Running (Sonal) — this pair is also occupied vs. occupied.
These locks mean the Row-2 vacancy must face someone in Row-1 who is not Mahesh’s opposite and not Sonal (Running), and the Row-1 vacancy must face someone in Row-2 who is not Mahesh and not Arvind.

Step 3 — Use seat-level positioning rules:
• Suresh sits at an extreme in Row-2 and has exactly two seats between him and the Row-2 vacancy; hence the Row-2 vacancy’s column is fixed relative to Suresh.
• Vacancies are not opposite each other, so once the Row-2 vacancy column is fixed, the Row-1 vacancy must be in a different column that also avoids facing Mahesh and being adjacent to Sonal.

Step 4 — Resolve who faces which vacancy:
Applying all the above simultaneously (Suresh’s spacing to the Row-2 vacancy; Arvind cannot face a vacancy; Mahesh must face Swimming; Row-1 vacancy not next to Sonal and not facing Mahesh; vacancies not opposite each other) yields a unique consistent outcome:
• The Row-2 vacancy lies opposite David ⟹ David faces a vacant seat.
• The Row-1 vacancy lies opposite Lily ⟹ Lily faces a vacant seat.

Conclusion:
Those who face vacant seats are David and Lily.

Answer: (B) : David, Lily.

Answer 12

Rather than rebuilding the grid, test each option against the fixed exclusions on who cannot face a vacancy — Arvind, who must face the Kabaddi-liker (an occupied seat), and Mahesh, who must face the Swimming-liker (also occupied).

1. Option A (David, Lakshmi): Lakshmi sits at an extreme end with a fixed spacing from David that does not place her opposite a vacant seat, so this pairing does not hold.
2. Option B (David, Lily): With Mahesh and Arvind both confirmed to face occupied seats (Swimming and Kabaddi respectively), and Suresh's fixed spacing from the Row-2 vacancy, the remaining valid placement of the two vacancies (one per row, not opposite each other, Row-1's not facing Mahesh or adjacent to Sonal) puts the Row-2 vacancy opposite David and the Row-1 vacancy opposite Lily.
3. Option C (Ann, David): Ann's position is fixed elsewhere by her non-adjacency to Lakshmi, not opposite either vacancy.
4. Option D (Lily, Sadhana): Sadhana is fixed as the Swimming-liker facing Mahesh, an occupied seat, so she cannot also be facing a vacant seat.

Only David and Lily's seats align with the vacancy placements once every exclusion rule is applied.

Therefore, the correct answer is David, Lily.

Answer 13

Step 1 — Recall the confirmed assignments:
- Mahesh = Chess.
- Opposite Mahesh = Swimming (Row-1 person).
- Deepika = Baseball; Sonal = Running (faces Deepika).
- David = Skating.
- Vacancies: one in each row (not opposite), with David and Lily facing them.
- Arvind cannot be Wrestling or Boating, and he must face the person who likes Kabaddi.
- Kabaddi and Running must be adjacent in Row-1; hence, the seat next to Sonal = Kabaddi, and opposite that seat is Arvind.

Step 2 — Deduce Arvind’s sport:
Arvind is opposite Kabaddi, and his own activity must be from the unassigned list. Since restrictions exclude Wrestling and Boating for Arvind, and Cricket is still unallocated, Arvind = Cricket.

Step 3 — Deduce Suresh’s sport:
Suresh sits at an extreme in Row-2 and does not like Wrestling or Baseball. With Baseball already taken by Deepika, and Wrestling still unallocated, Suresh cannot be Wrestling. He instead takes the leftover option Boating.

Step 4 — Deduce Sadhana’s sport:
Sadhana is in Row-1 and not adjacent to Sonal, with the vacancy located between her and David. The person facing Mahesh = Swimming. By elimination, Sadhana is that Row-1 person. Therefore, Sadhana = Swimming.

Step 5 — Deduce Ann’s sport:
Ann (Row-1, not a neighbor of Lakshmi) must fill the remaining unassigned role. With Running, Swimming, Skating, Cricket, Baseball, Boating, Chess all placed, the unfilled pair is Kabaddi and Wrestling. Ann cannot be Swimming (already Sadhana) or Skating (David). The Kabaddi seat is opposite Arvind, so Ann = Kabaddi.

Step 6 — Verify consistency:
- Arvind faces Kabaddi (Ann) — satisfied.
- Kabaddi and Running (Ann and Sonal) are adjacent — satisfied.
- Sadhana = Swimming faces Mahesh = Chess — satisfied.
- Suresh = Boating fits the leftover distribution — satisfied.

Conclusion:
The sports are:
• Arvind = Cricket
• Suresh = Boating
• Sadhana = Swimming
• Ann = Kabaddi

Answer: The correct option is (D) : cricket, boating, swimming, kabbadi.

Answer 14

Rather than re-deriving the whole arrangement, check each option against the fixed exclusions already established for these four people.

1. Option A (baseball, boating, swimming, kabbadi): Baseball is already fixed as Deepika's sport, so Arvind cannot also have Baseball. This option is inconsistent.
2. Option B (cricket, boating, kabbadi, swimming): This assigns Kabaddi to Sadhana and Swimming to Ann, but Sadhana is fixed as the Swimming-liker, since she faces Mahesh, and the Kabaddi-liker is fixed as the seat facing Arvind, a role that belongs to Ann, not Sadhana. This option has Sadhana and Ann's sports swapped, so it is inconsistent.
3. Option C (cricket, swimming, boating, kabbadi): This assigns Swimming to Suresh and Boating to Sadhana, but Suresh is fixed as the Boating-liker, since he cannot take Wrestling or Baseball, and Sadhana is fixed as the Swimming-liker. This option has Suresh and Sadhana's sports swapped, so it is inconsistent.
4. Option D (cricket, boating, swimming, kabbadi): Arvind = Cricket (his only fit once Wrestling and Boating are excluded for him), Suresh = Boating (his only fit once Wrestling and Baseball are excluded for him), Sadhana = Swimming (fixed by facing Mahesh), and Ann = Kabaddi (fixed by facing Arvind and the Kabaddi-Running adjacency). Every assignment here matches the fixed facts exactly.

Only this exact ordering of sports lines up with every exclusion and face-off rule already established.

Therefore, the correct answer is cricket, boating, swimming, kabbadi.