To solve the problem of matching List-I with List-II, we need to identify the correct associations between structures and their respective labels based on biological knowledge:
Methyl Guanosine Triphosphate is a structure associated with the 'cap' of eukaryotic mRNA. Its label is commonly recognized as III (Poly A tail), as each mRNA molecule features a methyl guanosine cap.
An Intron is a non-coding sequence removed during the splicing of RNA, often labeled as I.
A Poly A tail is a stretch of adenine nucleotides added to the 3' end of an mRNA molecule, which corresponds to a fully processed neonatal RNA, typically labeled as IV.
Fully processed hn RNA refers to a completely spliced and polyadenylated transcript, aligning with II.
Matching the structures with the correct labels yields the following: A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II.
This matches option: A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II.
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Question: 3
RNA polymerase III is responsible for the transcription of which of the following?
RNA polymerase III is a critical enzyme in the transcription process. It is responsible for transcribing certain small RNA molecules within eukaryotic cells.
RNA polymerase III transcribes:
tRNA (transfer RNA): These molecules are crucial for protein synthesis as they bring amino acids to ribosomes during translation.
5S rRNA (5S ribosomal RNA): A component of the large subunit of the ribosome, playing a key role in ribosomal function and protein synthesis.
snRNA (small nuclear RNA): These are involved in the splicing of pre-mRNA, a process necessary for the maturation of mRNA molecules before they are translated into proteins.
Hence, the correct option for what RNA polymerase III transcribes is:
tRNA, 5srRNA, snRNA
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Question: 4
Identify the correct sequence of events occurring in the process shown in the figure. (A) Tailing and splicing (B) Transport of the molecule out of the nucleus (C) Transcription of precursor RNA by RNA polymerase II (D) Capping Choose the correct answer from the option given below
To identify the correct sequence of events in the process shown in the figure, it's important to understand the steps involved in the modification and transport of mRNA in eukaryotic cells:
Transcription: The process begins with the transcription of precursor mRNA (also known as pre-mRNA) by RNA polymerase II in the nucleus. This step generates the initial RNA transcript.
Option: (C)
Capping: Once transcription begins, a 5' cap is added to the pre-mRNA. This cap protects the mRNA from degradation and is important for subsequent steps such as nuclear export and translation initiation.
Option: (D)
Tailing and Splicing: The pre-mRNA undergoes splicing, where introns are removed, and exons are joined together. Additionally, a poly-A tail is added to the 3' end of the mRNA, further protecting it and aiding in export from the nucleus.
Option: (A)
Transport: The mature mRNA molecule is then transported out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm where it can be translated into protein.
Option: (B)
Combining these steps, the correct sequence of events is C, D, A, B.
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Question: 5
Transcription can be coupled with translation in bacteria because
Post -transcriptional processing of RNA is a simple process.
Transcription is a faster process than transcription in bacteria.
RNA molecule has a complex structure.
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The Correct Option isA
Solution and Explanation
In bacteria, the process of transcription is coupled with translation due to a key structural characteristic: the absence of a nucleus. This means there is no separation between the cytosol and the nucleus, allowing ribosomes to bind to the nascent RNA transcript while it is still being synthesized by RNA polymerase. As a result, translation of the mRNA can begin almost simultaneously with its transcription. This feature is not found in eukaryotes, where transcription occurs in the nucleus and translation occurs in the cytoplasm, separated by the nuclear envelope.
The correct explanation is that in bacteria, there is no separation of cytosol and nucleus. This allows the processes to be seamlessly coupled, enabling rapid protein synthesis and efficient cellular function.
