Question

Match List-I with List-II

List-I	List-II
(A) An observed set of population selected for analysis	(I) Parameter
(B) A specific characteristic of the population	(II) Hypothesis
(C) A specific characteristic of the sample	(III) Statistic
(D) A statement made about a population parameter for testing	(IV) Sample

• (A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (III), (D) - (IV)
• (A) - (IV), (B) - (III), (C) - (I), (D) - (II)
• (A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (IV), (D) - (III)
• (A) - (IV), (B) - (I), (C) - (III), (D) - (II)

Hint:

A simple way to remember the difference between a parameter and a statistic is the "P-P" and "S-S" rule: \textbf{P}arameters describe \textbf{P}opulations, and \textbf{S}tatistics describe \textbf{S}amples.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
This question tests the definitions of fundamental terms used in inferential statistics, which involves drawing conclusions about a population based on data from a sample.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let's match each term in List-I with its correct definition in List-II.
(A) An observed set of population selected for analysis: This is the definition of a Sample. A sample is a subset of a larger population that is collected and analyzed. \textit{Therefore, (A) matches with (IV).}
(B) A specific characteristic of the population: A numerical value that describes a characteristic of an entire population (like the population mean, \(\mu\), or population standard deviation, \(\sigma\)) is called a Parameter. \textit{Therefore, (B) matches with (I).}
(C) A specific characteristic of the sample: A numerical value that describes a characteristic of a sample (like the sample mean, \(\bar{x}\), or sample standard deviation, s) is called a Statistic. Statistics are used to estimate population parameters. \textit{Therefore, (C) matches with (III).}
(D) A statement made about a population parameter for testing: In statistics, a claim or statement about a population parameter that is subject to verification is called a Hypothesis (specifically, a statistical hypothesis). \textit{Therefore, (D) matches with (II).}
Step 3: Final Answer:
The correct matching is: A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II. This corresponds to option (D).