Question

Match List-I with List-II
List-I (Plant disease):
(A). Black pod
(B). Buckeye rot
(C). Black shank
(D). Late blight
List-II (Causal agent):
(I). Phytophthora infestans
(II). Phytophthora parasitica
(III). Phytophthora capsici
(IV). Phytophthora megakarya

• (A) - (IV), (B) - (III), (C) - (II), (D) - (I)
• (A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (III), (D) - (IV)
• (A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (IV), (D) - (III)
• (A) - (III), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (II)

Hint:

To remember this: P. infestans = Late blight; P. parasitica (syn. nicotianae) = Black shank of tobacco; P. megakarya = Cocoa Black pod.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
The genus Phytophthora consists of highly destructive plant pathogens causing rot, blights, and cankers in many agricultural crops.
Each species has specific host preferences and causes distinct disease symptoms.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us match the plant diseases with their specific *Phytophthora* causal agents:
(A) Black pod:
Black pod disease is a major disease of cocoa (Theobroma cacao) that rots pods.
It is primarily caused by Phytophthora megakarya in West Africa, which produces abundant sporangia on the pods.
Thus, (A) matches with (IV).
(B) Buckeye rot:
Buckeye rot affects tomato fruit, causing concentric rings that resemble a buckeye.
It is caused by species like Phytophthora capsici (as well as P. parasitica).
In this specific listing, Phytophthora capsici is paired with buckeye rot.
Thus, (B) matches with (III).
(C) Black shank:
Black shank is a highly destructive disease of tobacco characterized by blackening of the lower stem and root system.
It is caused by Phytophthora parasitica (also known as P. nicotianae).
Thus, (C) matches with (II).
(D) Late blight:
Late blight is the famous, catastrophic disease of potato and tomato.
It is caused by Phytophthora infestans, which was responsible for the Irish Potato Famine.
Thus, (D) matches with (I).
This yields the combination: (A) - (IV), (B) - (III), (C) - (II), (D) - (I).

Step 3: Final Answer:
The correct option is (A).