Question

Match List I with List II
List I
A. Electronegativity
B. Ionization energy
C. Metal
D. Cation

List II
I. Good conductor of heat and electric current
II. Type of ion formed by Group 2A elements
III. Subatomic particles that are transferred to form positive and negative ions
IV. The ability of an atom to attract electrons when the atom is in a compound
V. Energy required to remove an electron from an atom

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. A - IV, B - V, C - I, D - II
• B. A - V, B - III, C - IV, D - I
• C. A - I, B - III, C - IV, D - V
• D. A - II, B - III, C - IV, D - I

Hint:

Metals lose electrons to form Cations (+), while non-metals gain electrons to form Anions (-). Electronegativity determines the polarity of a chemical bond.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
This question covers fundamental chemical properties of atoms and elements on the periodic table.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
A. Electronegativity (IV): It is defined as the relative tendency or ability of an atom to attract the shared pair of electrons towards itself when it is part of a chemical compound. Fluorine has the highest electronegativity.
B. Ionization energy (V): It is the minimum amount of energy required to remove the most loosely bound electron from an isolated neutral gaseous atom to form a positive ion. It typically increases across a period and decreases down a group.
C. Metal (I): Metals are elements characterized by properties such as luster, malleability, ductility, and most importantly, they are good conductors of heat and electricity due to the presence of free delocalized electrons.
D. Cation (II): A cation is a positively charged ion. Group 2A elements (Alkaline Earth Metals) have two valence electrons, which they readily lose to achieve a stable octet, thus forming cations with a \( 2+ \) charge (e.g., \( Mg^{2+}, Ca^{2+} \)).
Statement III (Subatomic particles transferred) refers to electrons, which is a general mechanism for ion formation but does not directly define the terms in List I.

Step 3: Final Answer:
Matching the properties leads to A-IV, B-V, C-I, and D-II.