Question

Match List-I with List-II. 

List-I (Type of Pollution)	List-II (Effect)
(A) Point source pollution	(I) Pollution that originates from a specific, identifiable source
(B) Non-point source pollution	(II) Pollution that comes from diffuse sources
(C) Groundwater pollution	(III) Contamination of underground water sources
(D) Surface water pollution	(IV) Pollution of lakes, rivers, and oceans

Choose the correct answer from the options given below.

• A. (A)-(I), (B)-(III), (C)-(II), (D)-(IV)
• B. (A)-(I), (B)-(II), (C)-(III), (D)-(IV)
• C. (A)-(I), (B)-(II), (C)-(III), (D)-(IV)
• D. (A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(I), (D)-(II)

Hint:

Point source is highly localized ("at a point" $\rightarrow$ single pipe), while non-point source is highly dispersed ("non-localized" $\rightarrow$ field runoff).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Environmental pollution in water bodies is classified based on the spatial distribution of the discharge source (localized vs. diffuse) and the affected hydrological compartment (surface water vs. groundwater).

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us match the categories:
- (A) Point source pollution corresponds to (I): It enters the environment at a single, clearly definable location (e.g., a factory outlet pipe).
- (B) Non-point source pollution corresponds to (II): Discharged from expansive, poorly defined areas (e.g., agricultural chemical runoff from fields).
- (C) Groundwater pollution corresponds to (III): Affects subsurface aquifers via leaching of surface contaminants.
- (D) Surface water pollution corresponds to (IV): Affects above-ground freshwater and marine systems like lakes, rivers, and oceans.
This results in a direct sequential match: (A)-(I), (B)-(II), (C)-(III), (D)-(IV).

Step 3: Final Answer:
The matching matches Option (B).