Question

Match the following:

List - I (Thinker)	List - II (Concept)
A. Karl Marx	I. Ideal types
B. Max Weber	II. Dialectical Materialism
C. R.K. Merton	III. High Modernity
D. Anthony Giddens	IV. Deviance

• A. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
• B. A-I, B-IV, C-III, D-II
• C. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
• D. A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV

Hint:

Remember: Marx = Dialectical Materialism; Weber = Ideal Types; Merton = Deviance; Giddens = High Modernity.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Concept: Major sociological thinkers are defined by the specific methodological and theoretical concepts they pioneered to analyze societal structures and human behavior.

Step 1: Karl Marx employed the analytical framework of "Dialectical Materialism" (II) to interpret historical development, focusing on class conflict and material conditions.

Step 2: Max Weber introduced the methodological tool of "Ideal types" (I), which are abstract, mental constructs used to capture the defining essential characteristics of specific social phenomena.

Step 3: R.K. Merton developed a structural-functionalist theory of "Deviance" (IV), explaining how social structures can pressure individuals into non-conforming behavior.

Step 4: Anthony Giddens, a prominent contemporary theorist, introduced the concept of "High Modernity" (III) to articulate the complex characteristics of the current late-modern social era.

Step 5: Matching these theorists to their core concepts (A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III) confirms that option (3) is the correct sequence. $$\boxed{\text{(3) A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III}}$$