Question

Match List-I with List-II:
\includegraphics[width=0.6\linewidth]{26.png Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• (A) - (II), (B) - (I), (C) - (IV), (D) - (III)
• (A) - (III), (B) - (I), (C) - (II), (D) - (IV)
• (A) - (III), (B) - (I), (C) - (IV), (D) - (II)
• (A) - (III), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (II)

Hint:

Johannsen coined the word "gene" to replace Mendel's "factor."
Rosalind Franklin is famous for X-ray diffraction of DNA.
Yanofsky proved colinearity between DNA and proteins.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Our understanding of the molecular basis of inheritance has progressed through key milestones in genetics, physical chemistry, and biochemistry.
These discoveries laid the foundation for the central dogma of molecular biology.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us examine the historical discoveries of each scientist listed:
1. Wilhelm Johannsen (A):
In 1909, the Danish botanist Wilhelm Johannsen coined the terms "gene" (to replace Mendel's "factor"), "genotype," and "phenotype" based on his studies with pure lines of common beans.
Thus, (A) matches with (III).
2. Rosalind Franklin (B):
Rosalind Franklin captured the famous "Photo 51" using X-ray crystallography (diffraction).
This photograph provided the critical structural dimensions that Watson and Crick used to build their double-helix model of DNA.
Thus, (B) matches with (I).
3. Clarence P. Oliver (C):
In 1940, Oliver demonstrated recombination between different alleles at the lozenge locus in Drosophila. This was the first evidence of intragenic recombination, showing that a gene is not an indivisible unit of recombination.
Thus, (C) matches with (IV).
4. Charles Yanofsky (D):
Yanofsky and his colleagues demonstrated that the linear sequence of nucleotides in a gene (specifically in the trpA gene of E. coli) corresponds directly to the linear sequence of amino acids in its encoded protein. This is known as the colinearity of gene and protein.
Thus, (D) matches with (II).

Step 3: Final Answer:
The correct matching sequence is (A)-(III), (B)-(I), (C)-(IV), and (D)-(II). This corresponds to option (C).