Question

Match List-I and List-II with respect to the biological processes catalyzed by specific enzymes: {ll} List - I & List - II
I. Hydrolysis of starch to maltose & A. Diastase
II. Conversion of proteins to peptides & B. Pepsin
III. Hydrolysis of sucrose to glucose and fructose & C. Invertase
IV. Glucose to ethanol & D. Zymase

• A. I-B, II-A, III-C, IV-D
• B. I-A, II-C, III-D, IV-B
• C. I-A, II-B, III-C, IV-D
• D. I-A, II-B, III-C, IV-D

Hint:

To remember biochemical conversions easily, look at word associations! Yeast-driven alcohol fermentation is synonymous with Zymase, while sugar inversion is naturally driven by Invertase. Recalling just these two common biological associations instantly locks down the correct choice!

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Concept: Enzymes are highly specific biological catalysts that speed up biochemical reactions in living organisms. Each chemical reaction or transformation requires a unique enzyme tailored to fit the substrate molecules perfectly (described by the lock-and-key model). Key enzyme-catalyzed reactions include:
• Diastase (Amylase): Converts complex polysaccharides like starch into simpler disaccharide units like maltose.
• Pepsin: An active gastric protease that breaks down complex dietary proteins into smaller peptides in highly acidic conditions.
• Invertase (Sucrase): Cleaves the glycosidic linkage in sucrose to produce an equimolar mixture of glucose and fructose (known as invert sugar).
• Zymase: A complex mixture of enzymes secreted by yeast that ferments simple hexose sugars like glucose into ethanol and carbon dioxide.

Step 1: Matching reaction I: Hydrolysis of starch to maltose.
Starch breakdown into maltose during plant germination or initial digestion steps is accelerated by the enzyme Diastase. Thus, I matches with A.

Step 2: Matching reaction II: Conversion of proteins to peptides.
Proteins are parsed into manageable peptide segments in the stomach by the proteolytic enzyme Pepsin. Thus, II matches with B.

Step 3: Matching reaction III: Hydrolysis of sucrose to glucose and fructose.
The conversion (inversion) of common cane sugar (sucrose) into glucose and fructose monomers is mediated by Invertase. Thus, III matches with C.

Step 4: Matching reaction IV: Glucose to ethanol.
The anaerobic biochemical pathway converting glucose monomers into ethanol during fermentation is catalyzed by the enzyme group Zymase. Thus, IV matches with D. Combining all the individual matches together yields the sequential pattern: I-A, II-B, III-C, IV-D, which maps precisely onto option (C) and option (D) since they are duplicate entries. Choosing (C) as the preferred answer.