Maleic anhydride can prepared by :
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- Heating trans-but-2-enedioic acid
- Heating cis-but-2-enedioic acid
- Treating cis-but-2-enedioic acid with alcohol and acid
- Treating trans-but-2-enedioic acid with alcohol and acid
The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
Only the cis isomer (maleic acid, cis-but-2-enedioic acid) has both \(\mathrm{COOH}\) groups close enough to lose \(\mathrm{H_2O}\) and cyclise on heating.
The trans isomer (fumaric acid) cannot cyclise; treatment with alcohol and acid gives esters, not the anhydride.
Answer: (2) Heating cis-but-2-enedioic acid
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