Question

Interspecific relationship where one species suffer and other species experience no effect is

• A. Commensalism
• B. Ammensalism
• C. Mutualism
• D. Predation

Hint:

To remember ecological relationships, use mathematical signs:
Ammensalism = ($-$, $0$)
Commensalism = ($+$, $0$)
Mutualism = ($+$, $+$)
Competition = ($-$, $-$)

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Ecosystem populations interact with each other in various ways, categorized based on whether the interaction is beneficial ($+$), harmful ($-$), or neutral ($0$) for each participant.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us define and categorize each of the given ecological interactions:
1. Commensalism ($+, 0$): An interaction where one species benefits ($+$) and the other is completely unaffected ($0$), such as remoras hitching a ride on sharks.
2. Mutualism ($+, +$): An interaction where both species benefit ($+$) from the association, such as clownfish living among sea anemones.
3. Predation ($+, -$): An interaction where one species (predator) benefits by killing and consuming the other species (prey), which is harmed.
4. Ammensalism ($-, 0$): An interaction where one species is harmed, restricted, or suffers a negative effect ($-$), while the other species is completely unaffected and experiences no effect ($0$).
A classic example of ammensalism is the production of penicillin by the mold Penicillium, which kills nearby bacteria while the mold itself remains unaffected.
Another example is a large tree shading out a small seedling growing underneath it.
Therefore, the described relationship is ammensalism.

Step 3: Final Answer:
The interspecific relationship where one species suffers and the other experiences no effect is Ammensalism.