Question

Indian major carps were bred for the first time through induced breeding in the year ?

• A. 1969
• B. 1957
• C. 1973
• D. 1947

Hint:

To remember this date easily, associate the breakthrough year 1957 with the establishment of modern fish seed production in India, celebrated every year on July 10th as National Fish Farmers Day.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Induced breeding is a technique wherein ripe fish spawners are stimulated using pituitary gland extract or synthetic hormones to breed in captivity.
For Indian Major Carps (Catla, Rohu, and Mrigal), which naturally breed in flowing riverine environments during monsoons and do not spawn spontaneously in confined stagnant pond waters, this technique is essential for seed production.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
The historical breakthrough of induced breeding of Indian major carps in India was achieved by the pioneering efforts of Dr. Hiralal Chaudhuri and Dr. K. H. Alikunhi.
They successfully bred the carp species on July 10, 1957, at the Central Inland Fisheries Research Sub-station in Angul, Odisha.
They used the technique of hypophysation, which involves administering pituitary gland extracts from mature donor fishes to recipient spawners.
This success revolutionized the freshwater aquaculture sector in India by reducing dependency on riverine wild seed collection, which was highly unreliable and often contaminated with predatory or weed fish seeds.
The year 1957 is celebrated as a monumental milestone in Indian fisheries history, and July 10 is observed annually as National Fish Farmers Day across India.

Step 4: Final Answer:
The induced breeding of Indian major carps was successfully performed for the first time in India in the year 19