In the wet tests for identification of various cations by precipitation, which transition element cation doesn’t belong to group IV in qualitative inorganic analysis?
In the wet tests for identification of various cations by precipitation, which transition element cation doesn’t belong to group IV in qualitative inorganic analysis?
\(Fe^{3+}\)
\(Zn^{2+}\)
\(Co^{2+}\)
\(Ni^{2+}\)
The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Grouping of Cations in Qualitative Analysis
In qualitative inorganic analysis, cations are classified into groups based on their precipitation behavior with specific reagents. The classification is as follows:
Group III: Includes \(\text{Fe}^{3+}\), \(\text{Al}^{3+}\), and \(\text{Cr}^{3+}\), which precipitate as hydroxides in the presence of \(\text{NH}_4\text{OH}\) and \(\text{NH}_4\text{Cl}\).
Group IV: Includes \(\text{Zn}^{2+}\), \(\text{Co}^{2+}\), and \(\text{Ni}^{2+}\), which precipitate as sulfides in the presence of \(\text{H}_2\text{S}\) in neutral or slightly acidic medium.
Step 2: Analysis of the Cations
\(\text{Fe}^{3+}\): Belongs to Group III, as it forms \(\text{Fe(OH)}_3\) precipitate with \(\text{NH}_4\text{OH}\).
\(\text{Zn}^{2+}\), \(\text{Co}^{2+}\), \(\text{Ni}^{2+}\): Belong to Group IV, as they precipitate as sulfides (\(\text{ZnS}\), \(\text{CoS}\), \(\text{NiS}\)) with \(\text{H}_2\text{S}\).
Conclusion: \(\text{Fe}^{3+}\) does not belong to Group IV. Therefore, the correct answer is (1) \(\text{Fe}^{3+}\).
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