The given arithmetic progression is \( \frac{3}{2}, \frac{1}{2}, -\frac{1}{2}, -\frac{3}{2}, \dots \). The common difference in an arithmetic progression is the difference between two consecutive terms.
The common difference is:
\[
\frac{1}{2} - \frac{3}{2} = -1
\]
Final Answer: -1.