Question:
In metal–carbonyl complexes, the $\pi$-back bonding is
In metal–carbonyl complexes, the $\pi$-back bonding is
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Metal → CO back-donation always involves metal dπ orbitals and CO π* orbitals.
Updated On: Dec 14, 2025
- pπ – dπ type
- dπ – dπ type
- dπ – π* type
- dπ – σ* type
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The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understand metal–CO bonding.
In metal carbonyls, CO donates its lone pair from carbon to the metal (σ-bond). Simultaneously, the metal donates electron density back into the empty π* antibonding orbital of CO. This is known as π-back-bonding.
Step 2: Identify orbitals involved.
The metal uses its filled dπ orbital, while CO uses its empty π* orbital. Thus, back bonding is of the dπ → π* type.
Step 3: Conclusion.
The correct description of π-back bonding is given in option (C).
In metal carbonyls, CO donates its lone pair from carbon to the metal (σ-bond). Simultaneously, the metal donates electron density back into the empty π* antibonding orbital of CO. This is known as π-back-bonding.
Step 2: Identify orbitals involved.
The metal uses its filled dπ orbital, while CO uses its empty π* orbital. Thus, back bonding is of the dπ → π* type.
Step 3: Conclusion.
The correct description of π-back bonding is given in option (C).
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