Question

Identify the technique used in lithography: \[ \text{A. Engraving} \] \[ \text{B. Gumming} \] \[ \text{C. Burnishing} \] \[ \text{D. Etching} \] \[ \text{E. Aquatint} \]

• A. A and E only
• B. D and C only
• C. B and D only
• D. E and B only

Hint:

Lithography clue: \[ \text{Gum arabic} + \text{mild etching} + \text{oil-water repulsion} \]

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Concept:
Lithography is a planographic printing technique. It works on the principle that oil and water repel each other. Gum and etching solution are important in preparing the lithographic surface.

Step 1: Check gumming.
Gumming is an important part of lithography. Gum arabic is used to treat and protect the stone or plate surface. So: \[ B = \text{Correct} \]

Step 2: Check etching.
In lithography, a mild etching process is used to fix the drawing and prepare the surface for printing. So: \[ D = \text{Correct} \]

Step 3: Eliminate the other techniques.
Engraving, burnishing and aquatint belong mainly to intaglio-related processes, not lithography.

Step 4: Final conclusion.
The techniques used in lithography are: \[ B,\ D \] Hence: \[ \boxed{\text{(C) B and D only}} \]