Question

Identify the statements true for RNA. (i) RNA acts as a genetic material for some viruses.
(ii) RNA also functions as an adapter molecule.
(iii) RNA has hexose sugar as its backbone.
(iv) RNA also acts as catalyst in some cases.

• A. (i), (ii) and (iii) only
• B. (i), (ii) and (iv) only
• C. (ii), (iii) and (iv) only
• D. (i), (iii) and (iv) only

Hint:

RNA is unique because it can store information, act as an adapter, and also function as a catalyst.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Concept: RNA (Ribonucleic Acid) is a versatile biomolecule that plays multiple roles in living organisms. It is involved in genetic information transfer, protein synthesis, and regulation of biological reactions. Unlike DNA, RNA is usually single-stranded and contains ribose sugar.

Step 1: Evaluate statement (i).
RNA acts as genetic material in certain viruses such as retroviruses (e.g., HIV). In these organisms, RNA carries hereditary information instead of DNA. Therefore, statement (i) is correct.

Step 2: Evaluate statement (ii).
During translation, transfer RNA (tRNA) functions as an adapter molecule. It carries specific amino acids to the ribosome and matches anticodons with codons on mRNA. Hence, statement (ii) is correct.

Step 3: Evaluate statement (iii).
RNA contains ribose sugar, which is a pentose sugar, not hexose. Hexose sugars contain six carbon atoms and are not part of RNA structure. Hence, statement (iii) is incorrect.

Step 4: Evaluate statement (iv).
Certain RNA molecules called ribozymes exhibit catalytic activity and function like enzymes. For example, rRNA in ribosomes has catalytic roles in peptide bond formation. Hence, statement (iv) is correct. Final Conclusion: Statements (i), (ii), and (iv) are correct.