Question:
Identify the molecule in which central atom is not obeying the octet rule.
Identify the molecule in which central atom is not obeying the octet rule.
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Elements in Group 13 (like Boron and Aluminum) often form stable molecules with only 6 valence electrons.
Updated On: Jul 4, 2026
- $H_{2}O$
- $PCl_{3}$
- $BF_{3}$
- $NH_{3}$
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The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Concept
The octet rule states that atoms are stable when they have eight electrons in their valence shell.
Step 2: Meaning
Molecules with fewer than 8 electrons around the central atom are called electron-deficient molecules.
Step 3: Analysis
In $H_{2}O, PCl_{3},$ and $NH_{3}$, the central atoms ($O, P, N$) have 8 valence electrons. In $BF_{3}$, Boron has only 3 valence electrons and forms 3 bonds, resulting in only 6 electrons.
Step 4: Conclusion
Boron in $BF_{3}$ is an exception to the octet rule as it remains electron-deficient. Final Answer: (C)
The octet rule states that atoms are stable when they have eight electrons in their valence shell.
Step 2: Meaning
Molecules with fewer than 8 electrons around the central atom are called electron-deficient molecules.
Step 3: Analysis
In $H_{2}O, PCl_{3},$ and $NH_{3}$, the central atoms ($O, P, N$) have 8 valence electrons. In $BF_{3}$, Boron has only 3 valence electrons and forms 3 bonds, resulting in only 6 electrons.
Step 4: Conclusion
Boron in $BF_{3}$ is an exception to the octet rule as it remains electron-deficient. Final Answer: (C)
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