Step 1: Understanding antibody structure.
An antibody (immunoglobulin) molecule is a Y-shaped protein consisting of two identical heavy chains and two identical light chains. These chains are held together by peptide (disulfide) bonds.
Step 2: Number of bonds.
There are four peptide bonds (disulfide bridges) in each antibody molecule:
- Two bonds connect each light chain to a heavy chain.
- Two bonds connect the heavy chains to each other.
Step 3: Conclusion.
The correct answer is (B) Four, as each antibody molecule has four peptide (disulfide) bonds linking its chains.
(i) Differentiate between globular and fibrous proteins.
(ii) What is meant by denaturation of protein?