Question:
How does the kidney respond to shock?
How does the kidney respond to shock?
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The kidney actively constricts a glomerular inflow vessel to defend pressure.
Updated On: Jun 24, 2026
- Decreases renal blood flow
- Increases afferent arteriole resistance
- GFR remains unaltered
- Perfusion of the kidney increases
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The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: In shock there is a fall in effective circulating blood volume, which triggers sympathetic and renin-angiotensin activation to defend blood pressure. Step 2: The renal response includes constriction of the afferent arteriole, that is an increase in afferent arteriolar resistance, which is the key active mechanism listed. Step 3: This vasoconstriction reduces GFR, while aldosterone and ADH are released to retain salt and water and tissue fluid shifts into plasma to restore volume. Step 4: Option A (decreased renal blood flow) is a passive consequence of hypotension rather than the kidney's active response, GFR does not stay unaltered, and perfusion falls rather than rises. So the best answer is increased afferent arteriole resistance.
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