Step 1: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) catalyses the first and rate-limiting step of the hexose monophosphate (pentose phosphate) pathway.
Step 2: This pathway is a major source of reducing power for biosynthesis, and the coenzyme that G6PD uses is NADP+. The enzyme reduces NADP+ to NADPH while oxidising glucose-6-phosphate to 6-phosphogluconolactone.
Step 3: Distinguishing the coenzymes: NAD+-linked enzymes (a) include glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, lactate and malate dehydrogenases. FAD-linked (c) enzymes include succinate dehydrogenase. FMN (d) is the cofactor of NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I). G6PD, along with 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, is NADP+-linked.
Step 4: Hence G6PD requires NADP, option (b).