Question

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). Assertion (A): Every finger contains ridge detail which is unique to that finger and no other.
Reason (R): Loop patterns account for 60 to 65 percent of fingerprint patterns.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

• A. Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
• B. Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
• C. (A) is correct but (R) is not correct
• D. (A) is not correct but (R) is correct

Hint:

Fingerprint uniqueness ≠ pattern frequency. Even common patterns like loops are still unique in detail.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Concept: Fingerprint science is based on two fundamental principles: uniqueness and permanence. Every individual has unique ridge characteristics, and fingerprint patterns are classified into types such as loops, whorls, and arches.

Step 1: Analyzing Assertion (A).
The uniqueness of fingerprints means that no two fingers, even from the same person, have identical ridge details. This principle forms the basis of fingerprint identification.
Thus, Assertion (A) is correct.

Step 2: Analyzing Reason (R).
Loop patterns are the most common fingerprint pattern, accounting for approximately 60–65% of all fingerprints.
Thus, Reason (R) is also correct.

Step 3: Evaluating the relationship.
Although both statements are true, the frequency of loop patterns does not explain why fingerprints are unique. Uniqueness is due to ridge characteristics, not pattern frequency.

Step 4: Final evaluation.
Hence, both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). Final Conclusion:
Correct answer is option (2).