When four identical circles of radius \(r\) are arranged so each one touches two neighbours, their centres form a square with side \(2r\).
The enclosed space in the middle is the area of that square minus the four quarter-circle sectors that together add up to one full circle: Area = \((2r)^2 - \pi r^2\).
Substituting \(r=6\) cm: Area = \(144 - \pi(36) = 144-113.10 = 30.86\) cm², matching option 1.