Question

Five jumbled sentences (labelled 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5), related to a topic, are given below. Four of them can be put together to form a coherent paragraph. Identify the odd sentence out and key in the number of that sentence as your answer.

• A. Pfas are a class of about 15,000 compounds most frequently used to make products water-, stain- and grease-resistant.
• B. New research suggests exposure to some common perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (Pfas) cause changes to gene activity and that these changes are linked to health problems including multiple cancers, neurological disorders and autoimmune disease.
• C. These Pfas compounds are dubbed “forever chemicals” because they do not naturally break down in the environment.
• D. The research may also point toward other diseases potentially caused by Pfas that have not yet been identified.
• E. The findings are a major step toward determining the mechanism by which the chemicals cause disease and could help doctors identify, detect and treat health problems for those exposed to Pfas before the issues advance.

Hint:

When identifying odd sentences in a paragraph, focus on maintaining the coherence and logical flow of the ideas being discussed.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

To solve this problem, we need to identify the sentence that does not fit into the coherent paragraph formed by the other four sentences. Each of these sentences talks about Pfas (Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl substances) and their impact on health and the environment.

1. The first sentence states: "Pfas are a class of about 15,000 compounds most frequently used to make products water-, stain- and grease-resistant." This sentence introduces Pfas by talking about their usage. However, it does not directly relate to the primary focus of the other sentences, which is about the research findings related to health impact and environmental impact of Pfas.
2. The second sentence states: "New research suggests exposure to some common perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (Pfas) cause changes to gene activity and that these changes are linked to health problems including multiple cancers, neurological disorders and autoimmune disease." This sentence introduces a specific research finding related to health impacts, linking Pfas to significant health issues.
3. The third sentence states: "These Pfas compounds are dubbed “forever chemicals” because they do not naturally break down in the environment." It further explains an environmental characteristic of Pfas, fitting well with the context of research and implications discussed in other sentences.
4. The fourth sentence states: "The research may also point toward other diseases potentially caused by Pfas that have not yet been identified." This sentence logically follows the earlier sentence related to research findings, expanding the scope of the research by mentioning unidentified health issues.
5. The fifth sentence states: "The findings are a major step toward determining the mechanism by which the chemicals cause disease and could help doctors identify, detect and treat health problems for those exposed to Pfas before the issues advance." This sentence concludes the discussion by highlighting the implications and future benefits of the research findings.

By analyzing each sentence, we can see that sentences 2, 3, 4, and 5 logically connect to form a coherent paragraph focused on the research findings related to the health impacts of Pfas. The first sentence does not fit into this narrative as it only introduces Pfas in terms of their use and not their environmental or health implications.

Therefore, the odd sentence out is: "Pfas are a class of about 15,000 compounds most frequently used to make products water-, stain- and grease-resistant."

Answer 2

Step 1: Understanding the Paragraph:
The paragraph is discussing the dangers of Pfas and their links to health issues. The odd sentence out is the one that does not fit the flow of information.
Step 2: Analyzing the Options:
- (1) This sentence introduces Pfas, but it doesn’t tie into the main flow about health problems and research findings.
- (2) This sentence provides important information about how Pfas affect gene activity and health, fitting the flow of the paragraph.
- (3) This sentence describes the persistence of Pfas, which ties into the previous sentence about their long-lasting effects.
- (4) This sentence continues the discussion on diseases caused by Pfas.
- (5) This sentence fits by summarizing the significance of the research findings.
Step 3: Conclusion:
Option (1) is the odd sentence out, as it doesn’t fit with the paragraph's focus on health effects.