Question

Find out incorrect statement among the following :

• A. Animal fats generally contain unsaturated fatty acids.
• B. Oils containing unsaturated fatty acids should be chosen for cooking.
• C. Vegetable oil decolourises reddish-brown colour of \(\text{Br}_2\) water.
• D. Hydrogenation of vegetable oil carried out by using Ni-catalyst.

Hint:

Remember:
- Animal fats \(\to\) Saturated (solid at room temperature).
- Plant/Vegetable oils \(\to\) Unsaturated (liquid at room temperature).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Understanding the Question:
The question asks to identify the incorrect statement among the given options regarding the properties, health implications, and chemical reactions of fats and vegetable oils.

Step 2: Key Formula or Approach:
Analyze the saturated or unsaturated nature of animal fats compared to vegetable oils, along with their reaction profiles.

Step 3: Detailed Explanation:

• Statement (A): Animal fats (like butter or lard) are solid at room temperature because they are composed primarily of saturated fatty acids. Saturated fats have straight carbon chains that pack closely together. Thus, statement (A) is chemically incorrect.

• Statement (B): Plant-based vegetable oils contain unsaturated fatty acids (having double bonds), which are healthier for cardiac health than saturated animal fats. Hence, they are recommended for cooking. This statement is correct.

• Statement (C): Since vegetable oils are unsaturated, they contain double bonds that undergo addition reactions with bromine, decolorizing bromine water. This statement is correct.

• Statement (D): Hydrogenation is the industrial process of converting liquid vegetable oils into solid fats (like margarine) by adding hydrogen gas in the presence of a finely divided Nickel (Ni) catalyst. This statement is correct.


Step 4: Final Answer:
The incorrect statement is (A) "Animal fats generally contain unsaturated fatty acids."