Question:
Explain the salient features of Genetic code.
Explain the salient features of Genetic code.
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Genetic code = triplet, universal, degenerate, unambiguous, continuous, with start (AUG) and stop codons (UAA, UAG, UGA).
Updated On: Oct 5, 2025
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Solution and Explanation
The genetic code refers to the set of rules by which the sequence of nucleotides in mRNA is translated into amino acids during protein synthesis.
Salient features of genetic code:
\begin{enumerate}
\item Triplet code: Each codon is a sequence of three nucleotides. Example: AUG.
\item Universal: Same codons specify the same amino acids in almost all organisms (exceptions: mitochondrial DNA).
\item Non-overlapping: Codons are read one after another without overlapping.
\item Comma-less: There are no punctuation marks between codons; reading is continuous.
\item Degenerate code: One amino acid may be coded by more than one codon (e.g., leucine has 6 codons).
\item Unambiguous: Each codon codes for only one amino acid.
\item Start codon: AUG codes for methionine and signals initiation of translation.
\item Stop codons: UAA, UAG, and UGA act as termination signals.
\end{enumerate}
Conclusion:
The genetic code is a highly precise, universal, and conserved system that ensures accurate translation of genetic information into proteins.
The genetic code is a highly precise, universal, and conserved system that ensures accurate translation of genetic information into proteins.
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