Question

Exhaustion of natural resources, destruction of individual initiative by governments, control over men's minds by central _________ of education and propaganda are some of the major evils which appear to be on the increase as a result of the impact of science upon minds suited by __________ to an earlier kind of world.

• A. tenets; fixation
• B. aspects; inhibitions
• C. institutions; inhibitions
• D. organs; tradition
• E.

Hint:

When faced with these types of questions, identify keywords in the sentence that describe conflict or opposition (e.g., modern vs. traditional). Choose words that best match the contextual meaning.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

The passage is discussing the evils caused by the scientific and governmental control on individuals, pointing out how traditional ways of thinking are being overshadowed by modernity. In this context: - "Organs" refers to organizations or parts of a system like governments, which are responsible for this control. - "Tradition" refers to the old, traditional ways of thinking that are being replaced by modern science and government structures. Hence, the correct phrase would be "organs of education and propaganda" and "suited by tradition to an earlier kind of world," which aligns with the passage's tone and meaning. Therefore, the correct answer is (D). 

Answer 2

Testing each blank separately against the grammatical slot it fills, rather than reading the sentence as a whole, narrows the pair down cleanly.

1. Option A (tenets; fixation): "Tenets" means principles or doctrines, not the controlling bodies through which propaganda is spread, and "fixation" suggests an obsessive attachment rather than a general accustomedness to an older world, so neither blank fits well.
2. Option B (aspects; inhibitions): "Aspects" is too vague to describe the specific machinery of control over minds, and "inhibitions" describes psychological restraint, not a general suiting to an earlier era.
3. Option C (institutions; inhibitions): "Institutions" fits the first blank reasonably, but "inhibitions" again describes restraint rather than a mind being accustomed to an older kind of world, so the second half does not fit as well as an alternative.
4. Option D (organs; tradition): "Organs" commonly describes the official bodies or instruments of a state used for spreading propaganda and education, such as "organs of government," fitting the first blank precisely, and "tradition" directly describes minds accustomed by long-standing custom to an earlier kind of world, fitting the second blank exactly.
5. Option E: No text is provided for this option.

Filling each blank with the option that names the actual controlling bodies and the customary accustomedness described in the sentence points to "organs" and "tradition."

Hence, the correct answer is (D) organs; tradition.