Concept:
Vulcanization is the process of heating natural rubber with sulphur to improve its strength, elasticity, and durability.
Step 1: Raw rubber is soft, sticky, and less durable.
Step 2: During vulcanization, sulphur is added to rubber.
Step 3: Sulphur forms cross-links between polymer chains of rubber.
Step 4: These sulphur cross-links make rubber:
\[
\text{stronger, more elastic, and more durable}
\]
Therefore, the chemical added during vulcanization is:
\[
\boxed{\text{Sulphur}}
\]