Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Chapter VI-A of the Income Tax Act, 1961 lists deductions from Gross Total Income. Each section covers one type of payment.
Step 2: Match the payment to the section:
A donation to an approved fund or charitable institution is covered by Section 80G.
The deduction is a fixed percentage of the donation, either 100% or 50%, with or without a qualifying limit.
Step 3: Why the other sections are wrong:
Section 80E covers interest paid on a loan taken for higher education. It has nothing to do with donations.
Section 80D covers health insurance premium and medical expenses.
Section 80C covers investments and payments such as PPF, life insurance premium and tuition fees.
Final Answer:
Donation is deductible under Section 80G. This is option (D).