Question

Discuss the factors responsible for the land degradation in India.

Hint:

Factors responsible for land degradation in India

Answer 1

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Land degradation means a fall in the quality or productivity of land, caused by both natural processes and human activity acting on soil and vegetation.

Step 2: Deforestation.
Clearing forests for farmland, housing or timber removes the tree roots that hold soil in place, leaving it exposed to erosion by rain and wind.

Step 3: Overgrazing.
Too many livestock grazing the same grassland strips away plant cover faster than it can regrow, leaving bare soil that erodes easily, a major problem in dry states like Rajasthan and Gujarat.

Step 4: Mining and industry.
Open-cast mining strips away topsoil and vegetation over large areas, while industrial waste and effluents can pollute and poison nearby land.

Step 5: Faulty farming practices.
Overuse of chemical fertilisers, excess irrigation without proper drainage (causing waterlogging and salinity), and farming on steep slopes without terracing all wear down soil quality over time.

Final Answer:
Deforestation, overgrazing, mining and industrial activity, and faulty farming practices together are the major factors behind land degradation in India.\[ \boxed{\text{Deforestation, overgrazing, mining, poor farming practices}} \]