Question:
Describe the mechanism of bimolecular nucleophilic substitution reactions (\( S_N2 \)) in haloalkanes.
Describe the mechanism of bimolecular nucleophilic substitution reactions (\( S_N2 \)) in haloalkanes.
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\( S_N2 \) reactions are favored by primary alkyl halides and strong nucleophiles.
Updated On: Mar 5, 2025
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Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Definition of \( S_N2 \) Reaction:
The \( S_N2 \) reaction is a one-step nucleophilic substitution mechanism where the nucleophile attacks while the leaving group departs simultaneously.
Step 2: Mechanism:
\[
\text{R-Br} + \text{OH}^- \rightarrow \text{R-OH} + Br^-
\]
- Rate Law: \( \text{Rate} = k [\text{R-X}] [\text{Nu}^-] \)
- Stereochemistry: Inversion of configuration (Walden Inversion).
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