Question

Consider the following:

"Tata Steel, one of the biggest steel makers in the world, was born in Jamshedpur."

If the above passage is true, then it can be concluded that the location of Tata Steel has been one of the reasons for its success.

1. The conclusion is false.
2. This is a farfetched conclusion.
3. This is a valid conclusion.

• A. 1 only
• B. 2 only
• C. 3 only
• D. 1 and 2

Hint:

Check whether the reason given (location near raw materials) is a sensible, supportable step from the stated fact, or if it needs too many extra assumptions.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Understanding the Question:
The passage only tells us where Tata Steel started out, in Jamshedpur. We need to judge whether we can fairly conclude from this one fact that the company's location has been part of the reason for its success.

Step 2: Key Approach:
A conclusion counts as valid when it follows in a reasonable, defensible way from the given fact, even if it is not spelled out word for word. It turns false only when it goes against the passage, and farfetched only when it needs a long chain of shaky extra assumptions that the passage does not support.

Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
Jamshedpur was chosen as the site for the plant because the region sits close to rich deposits of iron ore and coal, the two raw materials a steel maker cannot do without. A firm that starts out next to its key inputs gets an early cost edge over rivals who must transport these materials in from elsewhere. This early edge builds up over decades: cheaper raw material access lets the firm expand faster, invest more, and build the scale that keeps it among the biggest steel makers in the world today. So tying part of that lasting success back to where the firm was set up is a reasonable, supportable step, not a stretch.
Statement 1 fails because nothing in the passage rules out a link between location and success, so calling the conclusion false goes against the given fact rather than following from it.
Statement 2 fails because the link between raw material access and industrial success is a well known, direct one, not a chain of unlikely guesses, so calling it farfetched understates how reasonable the inference really is.

Step 4: Final Answer:
Since the inference follows sensibly from the stated fact, statement 3 alone holds. \[ \boxed{\text{3 only}} \]