Question

Complete and balance the following equations:
(a) (C_2H_4Br_2 + 2KOH (textalcoholic) )
(b) (8NH_3(textexcess) + 3Cl_2 )
(c) (C_12H_22O_11 xrightarrowtextconc. H_2SO_4)

Hint:

In equation (b), if Chlorine were in excess instead of Ammonia, the product would be the highly explosive liquid, Nitrogen Trichloride (NCl_3)!

Answer 1

(a) Dehydrohalogenation of ethylene dibromide: [ C_2H_4Br_2 + 2KOH (textalc.) xrightarrowDelta C_2H_2 + 2KBr + 2H_2O ] The product is Ethyne (Acetylene). 

(b) Reaction of excess ammonia with chlorine: [ 8NH_3 + 3Cl_2 6NH_4Cl + N_2 ] The products are Ammonium chloride (white fumes) and Nitrogen gas. (c) Dehydration of Cane Sugar: [ C_12H_22O_11 xrightarrowtextconc. H_2SO_4 12C + 11H_2O ] The concentrated sulphuric acid removes water from the sugar, leaving behind a black spongy mass of Sugar Charcoal.