Question

Clatharates crystallize in the form of

• A. Channel type structure
• B. Tetragonal type structure
• C. Cubic type lattice
• D. Cage like lattice

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Clathrates are a type of chemical compound where a lattice of one type of molecule traps and contains a second type of molecule. They are known for their unique structural property known as a "cage-like" lattice.

Step-by-Step Explanation:

1. Definition of Clathrates: Clathrates are non-stoichiometric inclusion compounds where one compound forms a cage-like structure in which molecules of a second compound are trapped. The host compound often forms a crystalline lattice, while guest molecules are not bound chemically but are trapped physically.
2. Structure Analysis: The lattice of clathrates is known as a "cage-like" because it forms hollow structures or cages which can house guest molecules. Common examples include gas hydrates, where water forms a lattice trapping gas molecules inside.
3. Option Analysis:
   • Channel type structure: This is incorrect as clathrates specifically form enclosed cages rather than channels.
   • Tetragonal type structure: This refers to one of the crystal systems used in crystallography, but clathrates are defined by their cage-like nature, not strictly by their crystal system.
   • Cubic type lattice: While some clathrates can crystallize with cubic symmetry, the defining feature is the cage or enclosure nature, not the cubic symmetry itself.
   • Cage like lattice: Correct answer. Clathrates are named and primarily structured as cage lattices housing guest molecules.
4. Conclusion: Based on the understanding of clathrates, the most appropriate description of their structure is a "cage like lattice." Thus, the correct answer is the option describing the 'Cage like lattice'.

The unique utility of clathrates arises from their storage capacity, particularly in trapping gases — an aspect useful in applications ranging from gas storage to novel material design.