Question

At the state of dynamic equilibrium, for solute + solvent gives solution.

• A. Rate of dissolution = Rate of unsaturation.
• B. Rate of dissolution = Rate of crystallization
• C. Rate of dissolution = Rate of saturation
• D. Rate of crystallization = Rate of saturation.

Hint:

Key Exam Tip:
Dynamic equilibrium in a saturated solution is a state where opposing processes occur at equal rates. For dissolution, these processes are:
• Dissolution: Solute particles break away from the solid and enter the solution.
• Crystallization: Dissolved solute particles aggregate and return to the solid state. When these rates are equal, the solution is saturated, and no net change is observed.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Dynamic equilibrium in a saturated solution occurs when the rate of dissolution of the solute (solid going into solution) is equal to the rate of crystallization (dissolved solute coming out of solution). At this point, the concentration of the dissolved solute remains constant, and there is no net change in the amount of dissolved or undissolved solute. Let's analyze the options:
• Rate of dissolution = Rate of unsaturation: "Unsaturation" refers to a solution that is not saturated, meaning more solute can dissolve. This concept doesn't directly describe the equilibrium condition.
• Rate of dissolution = Rate of crystallization: This is the definition of dynamic equilibrium in a saturated solution. The forward process (dissolution) is balanced by the reverse process (crystallization).
• Rate of dissolution = Rate of saturation: "Rate of saturation" is not a standard term to describe a process. Saturation is a state, not a rate.
• Rate of crystallization = Rate of saturation: Similar to option 3, "Rate of saturation" is not a meaningful term for describing an equilibrium. Therefore, the condition for dynamic equilibrium in a solution is when the rate of dissolution equals the rate of crystallization. Final Answer: \(\boxed{2}\)