Question

Assertion (A): Supravaginal elongation of cervix occurs in uterovaginal prolapse.

Reason (R): There is gaping genital hiatus but the ligamentous support of uterus is strong.

• A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
• B. Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
• C. A is true but R is false.
• D. A is false but R is true.

Hint:

Ask whether prolapse happens because pelvic support is strong or because it has weakened.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Understand the assertion.
In long-standing uterovaginal prolapse, especially procidentia, the part of the cervix above its attachment to the vagina, called the supravaginal portion, can become stretched and elongated. This happens as the uterine body descends downward through the pelvis while the upper vaginal attachments and surrounding tissue provide some resistance, drawing out the supravaginal cervix over time. So the assertion, that supravaginal elongation of the cervix occurs in uterovaginal prolapse, is a true and recognized clinical finding.

Step 2: Understand the reason.
The reason has two parts. A gaping genital hiatus, meaning a widened vaginal opening with poor closure of the perineum and levator muscles, is indeed commonly seen in uterovaginal prolapse. However, the second part of the reason claims that the ligamentous support of the uterus is strong. This is the opposite of what actually happens. Prolapse develops precisely because the pelvic supports, the pubocervical fascia, the cardinal and uterosacral ligaments, and the levator ani muscles, become weakened, stretched, or damaged, usually from childbirth trauma, aging, or chronic raised abdominal pressure. So the claim that ligamentous support is strong is false.

Step 3: Decide the correct code.
Since the assertion is true but the reason contains a false claim about strong ligamentous support, this matches the pattern where A is true but R is false.

Step 4: Rule out the other options.
Options (a) and (b) both require R to be true, which fails here because of the incorrect claim about strong support. Option (d) requires A to be false, but the supravaginal elongation described is a genuine feature of uterovaginal prolapse.

Final Answer:
A is true but R is false.