Question

Assertion (A): \( \sigma \) (Sigma) and \( \rho \) (Rho) factors are essential for transcription in bacteria.
Reason (R): \( \sigma \) (sigma) factor helps in initiation and \( \rho \) (Rho) factor helps in termination of transcription.

• A. \( (A) \text{ and } (R) \text{ are correct. } (R) \text{ is the correct explanation of } (A) \)
• B. \( (A) \text{ and } (R) \text{ are correct, but } (R) \text{ is not the correct explanation of } (A) \)
• C. \( (A) \text{ is correct but } (R) \text{ is not correct} \)
• D. \( (A) \text{ is not correct but } (R) \text{ is correct} \)

Hint:

The sigma factor facilitates the binding of RNA polymerase to the promoter region, initiating transcription. The rho factor helps to terminate transcription by dissociating the RNA polymerase from the DNA.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: The sigma factor is involved in the initiation of transcription, while the rho factor helps in the termination process. Since both the factors are essential for transcription, this makes both \( (A) \) and \( (R) \) correct, and \( (R) \) correctly explains \( (A) \). Thus, the correct answer is option (1).