Arrange the following in the increasing order of pKa values.
Arrange the following in the increasing order of pKa values.
Show Hint
- \( III < IV < II < I \)
- \( II < III < IV < I \)
- \( IV < II < I < III \)
- \( IV < III < II < I \)
The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding pKa Values
The pKa value of a compound determines its acidity. Lower pKa values correspond to stronger acids.
Step 2: Analyzing the Given Structures
- Compound IV (p-Nitrobenzoic Acid) has the lowest pKa due to the strong electron-withdrawing NO\(_2\) group stabilizing the carboxylate ion.
- Compound II (p-Nitrophenol) is more acidic than phenol due to the NO\(_2\) group stabilizing the phenoxide ion.
- Compound I (Phenol) has a higher pKa than nitrophenol because it lacks an additional electron-withdrawing group.
- Compound III (Ethanol) has the highest pKa as alcohols are weaker acids compared to phenols and carboxylic acids.
Step 3: Arranging in Increasing Order of pKa
Thus, the correct order is: \[ IV<II<I<III \]
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