Concept:
In HPLC, the mobile phase flows through various components in a defined sequence, ensuring proper sample introduction, separation, and detection.
Step 1: Pumping system (A).
The pump is responsible for delivering the mobile phase at high pressure through the system.
Step 2: Injection valve (B).
The sample is introduced into the mobile phase stream through the injection valve.
Step 3: Column (D).
The mixture passes through the column where separation of components occurs based on interactions with the stationary phase.
Step 4: Detector (C).
Finally, separated components are detected and recorded.
Step 5: Forming correct sequence.
\[
A \rightarrow B \rightarrow D \rightarrow C
\]
Final Conclusion:
Hence, the correct answer is option (4).