Question

In explicit grammar teaching

• A. Learners are explained the rules.
• B. Learners are not directed to find the rules for themselves.
• C. Learning takes the form of arguments.
• D. There is no reference to rules.
• A. There is general agreement on the value of teaching grammar.
• B. There is no evidence in favor of the two approaches, explicit or implicit.
• C. Norris and Ortega analyzed 80 studies.
• D. Implicit teaching is better than explicit teaching as per the studies.
• A. makes no overt reference to rules or forms
• B. produces better and long-lasting learning.
• C. is an approach that is supported by evidence.
• D. makes the learners learn the rules by linguistic examples.
• A. confidential
• B. open
• C. ambiguous
• D. indirect
• A. Dr. Samuel Johnson
• B. Wren and Martin
• C. Norris and Ortega
• D. C.P. Brown

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Concept: Grammar can be taught through different approaches. One of the most common approaches is explicit grammar teaching, where grammatical rules are directly presented and explained to learners before practice begins.

Step 1: Understand the meaning of explicit grammar teaching.
The word “explicit” means clear, direct, and openly stated. In explicit grammar teaching, the teacher directly explains grammatical rules to students.

Step 2: Identify the characteristics of explicit instruction.
Under this approach:
• Rules are clearly explained.
• Learners are told how the language works.
• Examples are provided after the explanation.
• Students consciously learn grammatical structures.

Step 3: Examine the given options.
Option (A) states that learners are explained the rules, which is the defining feature of explicit grammar teaching. Option (D) is actually related to implicit teaching, where rules are not directly explained.

Step 4: Select the correct answer.
Therefore, \[ \boxed{\text{Learners are explained the rules}} \] Hence, Option (A) is correct.

Answer 2

Concept: Reading comprehension questions must be answered strictly on the basis of information provided in the passage rather than personal assumptions.

Step 1: Identify the information mentioned in the passage.
The passage discusses the effectiveness of grammar teaching and refers to the research conducted by Norris and Ortega. Their work involved the analysis of numerous studies on grammar instruction.

Step 2: Examine each option carefully.
Option (A) is incorrect because the passage suggests debate rather than complete agreement. Option (B) is incorrect because evidence was discussed in the passage. Option (D) is incorrect because the passage does not conclude that implicit teaching is superior.

Step 3: Locate the factual statement supported by the passage.
The passage states that Norris and Ortega analyzed: \[ 80 \text{ studies} \] Therefore, Option (C) matches the information provided.

Step 4: Select the correct answer.
Hence, \[ \boxed{\text{Norris and Ortega analyzed 80 studies}} \] is the correct answer.

Answer 3

Concept: Implicit grammar teaching is an indirect method of language instruction in which grammatical rules are not openly explained to learners.

Step 1: Understand the meaning of implicit teaching.
The word “implicit” means indirect or implied rather than clearly stated. Students are exposed to examples and language patterns without receiving direct explanations of the rules.

Step 2: Identify the defining feature of implicit teaching.
The main characteristic of implicit teaching is that: \[ \text{No overt reference is made to grammatical rules.} \] Learners are expected to absorb patterns naturally.

Step 3: Compare the options with the definition.
Option (A) exactly matches the accepted definition of implicit teaching. The other options discuss possible outcomes or interpretations rather than the fundamental definition.

Step 4: Choose the correct answer.
Therefore, \[ \boxed{\text{Makes no overt reference to rules or forms}} \] is the correct answer.

Answer 4

Concept: Vocabulary questions often require understanding the meaning of a word from its context in the passage.

Step 1: Understand the word “overt”.
The word “overt” refers to something that is openly shown, clearly expressed, or publicly visible.

Step 2: Relate the meaning to the phrase “overt reference”.
An overt reference means a direct and open reference that is clearly stated. It is the opposite of a hidden or indirect reference.

Step 3: Evaluate the given options.
Among the options: \[ \text{Open} \] is the closest meaning of “overt”. The words confidential, ambiguous, and indirect do not convey the same meaning.

Step 4: Select the correct answer.
Therefore, \[ \boxed{\text{Open}} \] is the correct answer.

Answer 5

Concept: This question tests the reader's ability to recall specific information mentioned in the passage.

Step 1: Identify the researchers mentioned in the passage.
The passage discusses research concerning the effectiveness of grammar teaching methods. It specifically refers to the work of Norris and Ortega.

Step 2: Understand the contribution of these researchers.
Norris and Ortega conducted a large-scale analysis of studies related to grammar instruction. Their research examined the effectiveness of different teaching approaches.

Step 3: Compare with the given options.
Among all the options provided, only Norris and Ortega are associated with the analysis described in the passage. The other names are unrelated to the study mentioned.

Step 4: Choose the correct answer.
Hence, \[ \boxed{\text{Norris and Ortega}} \] is the correct answer.