All of the following are included in �Ex-situ conservation� except
- Seed banks
- Wildlife safari parks
- Botanical gardens
- Sacred groves
The Correct Option is D
Solution and Explanation
Ex-situ conservation involves the preservation of components of biological diversity outside their natural habitats. This method is employed when species are threatened or endangered, allowing for conservation efforts in controlled environments. Let's analyze each option to understand which one does not fit this definition:
- Seed banks: These are facilities used to store seeds of various plant species. This method is a part of ex-situ conservation as it involves conserving genetic material outside their natural ecosystem for future use.
- Wildlife safari parks: These parks are designed to conserve and display wildlife in a controlled environment. They house animals in settings that mimic their natural habitat, which is a typical example of ex-situ conservation.
- Botanical gardens: These gardens cultivate a diverse range of plant species in an environment outside their natural habitat. They serve as a means for research, conservation, and education, aligning with the principles of ex-situ conservation.
- Sacred groves: These are patches of natural vegetation that are conserved due to cultural and religious practices. They exist in their natural habitats and are preserved by local communities. Therefore, they represent in-situ conservation and do not fit within the scope of ex-situ conservation.
Based on this analysis, the correct answer is Sacred groves, as they do not fall under ex-situ conservation. They are preserved within their natural environment through cultural or religious stewardship, which is a form of in-situ conservation.
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Concepts Used:
Biodiversity and Conservation
The term ‘biodiversity’ is derived from the two words- ‘bios' which means life and ‘diversity’ i.e, differentiation or variation. Edward Wilson, the sociobiologist was the first to popularise the term ‘biodiversity’ in the year 1992. The term implies the occurrence of various plants and animals along with their variants such as biotypes, ecotypes and genes on earth. In our biosphere, the immense diversity or heterogeneity remains not only at the species level but also, at every level of biological organization that ranges from macromolecules in the cells to biomes.
Biodiversity and Conservation is a topic covered under the fifteenth chapter and Unit 5 of NCERT class 12 biology.