Concept:
Achievement tests are designed to measure what learners have learned after instruction. They help teachers evaluate learning outcomes and identify areas needing improvement.
Step 1: Meaning of achievement test.
An achievement test assesses:
• Knowledge acquired.
• Skills developed.
• Understanding of concepts.
• Educational progress.
Examples include school examinations and unit tests.
Step 2: Purpose of achievement tests.
Teachers use achievement tests to:
• Determine learning outcomes.
• Diagnose learning difficulties.
• Identify strengths.
• Identify weaknesses.
• Plan remedial instruction.
Step 3: Evaluate other options.
Ranking may occur as a secondary outcome.
Selection for courses or jobs generally uses aptitude or competitive examinations.
The primary educational purpose is diagnosis and improvement of learning.
Step 4: Conclusion.
Achievement tests are mainly used to identify strengths and weaknesses of learners.
Hence, option (D) is correct.