Question

Account for the following: (a) The dipole moment of chlorobenzene is lower than that of cyclohexylchloride.

Hint:

Boiling point increases with surface area and polarity. Resonance reduces dipole moment.

Answer 1

(b) Alkyl halides are non-polar or weakly polar and cannot form hydrogen bonds with water → immiscible. \[ \boxed{\text{Lack of H-bonding → immiscibility in water}} \] (c) t-butyl bromide has lower boiling point than n-butyl bromide.
Solution:
(c)n-butyl bromide is linear → greater surface area → stronger van der Waals forces.
t-butyl bromide is branched → lower boiling point. \[ \boxed{\text{Boiling point: straight>branched isomer}} \]