Question

According to Everett Rogers 2003, arrange the various stages for converting research into practice.
(A). Research evaluation
(B). Research into practice
(C). Research trial
(D). Research awareness

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. (D), (A), (C), (B)
• B. (A), (B), (C), (D).
• C. (B), (A), (D), (C).
• D. (C), (B), (D), (A).

Hint:

Rogers’ research-to-practice: Awareness $\to$ Evaluation $\to$ Trial $\to$ Implementation.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

According to Everett Rogers’ framework (2003, building on his diffusion of innovations theory), the process of converting research into practice follows a logical sequence:
1. Research Awareness (D): Stakeholders, such as farmers or practitioners, are made aware of new research findings through communication channels like extension services, workshops, or media.
2. Research Evaluation (A): The research is assessed for its validity, relevance, and applicability to local conditions, often through expert reviews or pilot studies.
3. Research Trial (C): The research is tested in practical settings (e.g., on-farm trials) to verify its effectiveness and feasibility.
4. Research into Practice (B): Proven research findings are implemented broadly, integrating them into routine practices or policies. This sequence ensures research is effectively translated into actionable outcomes. Thus, option (1) is correct.

Answer 2

Fixing the endpoints first:
Before any research can influence practice, the intended users must first become aware that the research exists, so awareness (D) must be the starting point, this alone eliminates any sequence not beginning with (D). At the other end, the ultimate goal of the whole process is for proven findings to be adopted into everyday practice, so "research into practice" (B) must be the final stage, not an intermediate one. Between these two ends, a piece of research must first be judged worthwhile through evaluation (A) before anyone invests resources in testing it on the ground through a trial (C); evaluating comes before trialling, not after. This fixes the middle order as evaluation then trial, giving the complete sequence Awareness, Evaluation, Trial, Practice, i.e., (D), (A), (C), (B), which is option (1).