List of top Plant Sciences Questions asked in ICAR AIEEA (PG)

Given below are two statements: 
• [Statement (I):] Sesbania is used as green manure crop. 
• [Statement (II):] In Sesbania, nodules are formed only on the roots. 
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below. 
 

Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other labelled as Reason (R). 
• [Assertion (A):] Deuteromycetes are known as 'Fungi Imperfecti'. 
• [Reason (R):] In 'Deuteromycetes' only the asexual phase is known.
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below. 
 

Given below are two statements: 
• [Statement (I):] The first amino acid in protein synthesis is Methionine in Eubacteria. 
• [Statement (II):] The first amino acid in protein synthesis is N-formyl-methionine in Archaea. 
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below. 
 

Which of the following microorganisms can fix nitrogen symbiotically? 
• [(A).] Anabaena 
• [(B).] Azotobacter 
• [(C).] Frankia 
• [(D).] Ulothrix 
• [(E).] Bradyrhizobium 
Choose the correct answer from the options given below: 
 

Given below are two statements: 
• [Statement (I):] Tobacco mosaic virus is a rod shaped virus that contains RNA as nucleic acid. 
• [Statement (II):] RNA in the tobacco mosaic virus is double stranded. 
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below. 
 

Given below are two statements: 
• [Statement (I):] First generation bioethanol is produced from sugar, starch and vegetable oils. 
• [Statement (II):] Second generation biofuels are derived from Algae. 
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below. 
 

Which of the following microorganisms are used in Yogurt preparation?
• [(A).] Bacillus cereus 
• [(B).] Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 
• [(C).] Streptococcus thermophilus 
• [(D).] Lactobacillus bulgaricus 
Choose the correct answer from the options given below: 
 

Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other labelled as Reason (R).
• [Assertion (A):] Methane is the major gas generated during anaerobic digestion of organic materials. 
• [Reason (R):] Methanotrophs are the key players in anaerobic digestion of organic matter. In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below. 
 

Which of the following combinations of the premises of 'Gamete Selection' in plant breeding is the correct one? 
• [(A).] Multiparent crosses are required for simultaneous improvements of multiple traits. 
• [(B).] The male parents of the final crosses are heterozygous and hence heterogametic. 
• [(C).] Each zygotic seed is a product of a separate, independent fertilization event. 
• [(D).] Gametic selection is an effective method to isolate an inbred for hybrid breeding. 
Choose the correct answer from the options given below: 
 

Which of the following statements is NOT correct?
• [(A).] Seeds of synthetic varieties need to be replaced every year. 
• [(B).] Hybrid crops need intensive care and more inputs. 
• [(C).] Open pollinated progeny test is used in Maize and Pearl millet. 
• [(D).] Composite varieties exploit both GCA and SCA. Choose the correct answer from the options given below: 
 

Male sterile cytoplasm in crop plants usually arises from- 
• [(A).] Inter-specific hybridization 
• [(B).] Self-incompatibility 
• [(C).] Spontaneous mutation 
• [(D).] Induced mutation through Ethium Bromide Choose the correct answer from the options given below: 
 

Given below are two statements: 
• [Statement (I):] Non-proteinaceous molecules associated with the enzymes are called cofactors. 
• [Statement (II):] The cofactors can be a metal ion or an organic molecule. 
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below. 
 

Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other labelled as Reason (R). 
• [Assertion (A):] The genetic code is degenerative. 
• [Reason (R):] The genetic code is nearly universal. In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below. 
 

Given below are two statements:
• [Statement (I):] Transcription is the process in which a gene's DNA sequence is transcribed to make an RNA molecule. 
• [Statement (II):] For transcription, RNA polymerase binds to the promoter situated upstream of the gene to be transcribed. In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below. 
 

Select the correct statements about origin of the tetraploid and hexaploid wheat: 
• [A.] The tetraploid species Triticum turgidum is an allopolyploid. 
• [B.] The hexaploid species Triticum aestivum is an allopolyploid. 
• [C.] Triticum turgidum arose from a combination of Triticum monococcum and Triticum timopheevii genomes. 
• [D.] Triticum aestivum arose from a combination of Triticum turgidum and Aegilops tauschii genomes. 

The physiological characteristics of wheat plants that adapt different wheat cultivars to different climates include- 
• [(A).] Fertilizer requirement. 
• [(B).] Vernalization requirement. 
• [(C).] Winter hardiness (cold tolerance) 
• [(D).] Photoperiod response. Choose the correct answer from the options given below: 
 

Cytoplasmic male sterility is commonly used in hybrid seed production in the following crops:
(A). Wheat
(B). Sorghum
(C). Sunflower
(D). Corn
(E). Chickpea
Which of the following statements truly describes self-incompatibility in plants?
(A). Self-incompatibility prevents self-fertilization in plants.
(B). Self-incompatibility promotes outcrossing and thus increases genetic diversity within plant populations.
(C). Self-incompatibility is a mechanism that allows plants to self-fertilize efficiently.
(D). Self-incompatibility is controlled by genetic mechanisms within the plant.
Given below are two statements:
Statement (I): Double fertilization involves the fusion of two sperm cells with two egg cells.
Statement (II): In double fertilization, one sperm cell fuses with the egg cell, while the other sperm cell fuses with the two polar nuclei.
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
Given below are two statements:
Statement (I): Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism is a type of molecular marker that relies on enzymatic digestion and PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction).
Statement (II): Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism is a type of molecular marker that detects variations in the length of DNA fragments generated by digestion with restriction enzymes.
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
Which of the following are important varieties of sugarcane?
(A). Co 0238
(B). CoPb 94
(C). LRA 5166
(D). Co 86032
(E). Karan 9
The objectives of the International Treaty of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture include:
(A). To promote the conservation and sustainable use of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture.
(B). To ensure the fair and equitable sharing of benefits derived from the use of plant genetic resources.
(C). To encourage genetic modification of crop plants and monoculture farming practices.
(D). Facilitate access to plant genetic resources for food and agriculture, especially for countries with limited resources and capacities.
(E). Strengthen the capacity of farmers, particularly those in developing countries, to conserve, manage, and sustainably use plant genetic resources.
The primary objectives of conservation of the plant genetic resources are-
(A). To conserve genetic diversity for future generations
(B). To promote monoculture farming practices
(C). To eradicate invasive plant species
(D). To ensure food security and sustainable agriculture
(E). To facilitate research and innovation in plant breeding
Given below are two statements:
Statement (I): DNA replication proceeds in a bidirectional manner from multiple origins of replication in prokaryotic cells.
Statement (II): Okazaki fragments are short DNA fragments synthesized on the leading strand during DNA replication in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
Match List-I with List-II
List-I (Characteristic):
(A). Restriction digestion followed by PCR amplification of selected fragments
(B). Use of PCR to amplify repeat motifs of DNA
(C). Variation in single nucleotides within a DNA sequence
(D). Detection of variations in the length of DNA fragments produced by restriction enzymes
List-II (DNA marker):
(I). RFLP
(II). SNP
(III). SSR
(IV). AFLP