(a) Name the type of interaction seen in each of the following examples.
(i) An orchid growing on branch of mango tree
(ii) Wasp pollinating fig inflorescence
(b) Also explain the above interactions shown by (i) and (ii).
Define test cross. How does test cross help to determine the genotype of an individual ? Explain with the help of an example.
Explain any three different approaches used in the treatment of a person suffering from Adenosine Deaminase deficiency.
(a) How does the human body respond to an allergen ? Which type of antibody is produced during allergic reactions ?
(b) Name the types of drugs that help in reducing the symptoms of allergic reactions.
(c) Name the chemicals released in the body during an allergic reaction.
Explain the Hardy-Weinberg principle with the help of an algebric equation.
Write four criteria to be fulfilled by a molecule to act as a genetic material.
(a) Define stratification in an ecosystem.
(b) How is stratification represented in a forest ecosystem ?
(i) Name the source plant of heroin drug. How is it obtained from the plant ?
(ii) Write the effects of heroin on the human body.
What is "withdrawal syndrome" ? List any two symptoms it is characterised by.
(a) Draw a diagram of L.S. of an anatropous ovule of an angiosperm. Label the following parts :
(i) Nucellus
(ii) Outer integument
(iii) Antipodal cells
(iv) Polar nuclei
(b) How does endosperm in angiosperms become triploid ?
How is it possible in Oxalis and Viola plants, to produce assured seed sets even in the absence of pollinators ?
Write the ploidy of the cells of the nucellus, MMC (Megaspore Mother Cell), the functional megaspore and female gametophyte.
Assertion (A) : Vector DNA and foreign DNA are cut by the same restriction enzyme.
Reason (R) : Vector DNA and foreign DNA, cut with same enzyme, produces complimentary sticky ends.
How can childless couples get help by the following assisted reproductive technologies ?
(a) GIFT
(b) ICSI
Name the scientist who proposed the central dogma in molecular biology. Give its schematic representation.
If a new habitat is being colonized, out of the four processes affecting population growth, which are the two factors that contribute to an increase in population density ?
(i) Immigration
(ii) Natality
(iii) Emigration
(iv) Mortality
Options :
Assertion (A) : Apomictic embryos are genetically identical to the parent plant.
Reason (R) : Apomixis is the production of seeds without fertilisation.
Assertion (A) : Determining the sex of an unborn child followed by MTP is an illegal practice.
Reason (R) : Amniocentesis is a practice to test the presence of genetic disorders.
Assertion (A) : Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues are specialised immune barriers located on the skin.
Reason (R) : MALT constitutes about 50 percent of the lymphoid tissue in a human body.
During the decomposition process, mineralisation by micro-organisms leads to the release of which nutrients into the soil ?
Cry proteins coded by the gene Cry IAb controls which one of the following pests ?
Choose the correct option that refers to adaptive radiation.
Identify the microbe that is responsible for producing large-holes in Swiss cheese.
P and Q are required in the extension step of PCR to extend the primer sequences from the \( 3^{\prime} \) end of each primer. Choose the option which correctly fills the blanks P and Q.
Tetanus antitoxin, when injected into the human body, immediately provides which kind of immunity ? Choose the correct option.