Step 1: Understanding Filariasis Filariasis is a parasitic disease caused by infection with filarial worms, transmitted to humans by mosquitoes. The disease is characterized by the presence of adult worms in the lymphatic system and results in the enlargement of lymph nodes and sometimes limbs (commonly known as elephantiasis). Filariasis is often chronic and can lead to severe disability.
Step 2: Identifying the Causative Species There are two primary species of filarial worms responsible for causing filariasis:
Wuchereria bancrofti: This is the most common causative agent of lymphatic filariasis. It affects the lymphatic system, particularly in the lower limbs. The adult worms can live for many years inside the lymphatic vessels.
Brugia malayi: This species also causes lymphatic filariasis, but it is more commonly found in Asia, especially in Southeast Asia. Like Wuchereria bancrofti, it affects the lymphatic system but has a different geographical distribution.
Step 3: Conclusion The two species of filarial worms causing filariasis are: 1. \( \text{Wuchereria bancrofti} \) 2. \( \text{Brugia malayi} \) These worms are transmitted by the bite of infected mosquitoes, mainly of the genus Culex for Wuchereria bancrofti and Anopheles for Brugia malayi.
