Question

Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?

• A. Ribosome
• B. Lysosome
• C. Mitochondria
• D. Golgi body

Hint:

Remember the unique roles of key organelles:
- Mitochondria: Energy (ATP) production.
- Ribosomes: Protein synthesis.
- Lysosomes: Waste breakdown.
- Endoplasmic Reticulum: Lipid and protein synthesis/modification.
- Golgi apparatus: Packaging and transport.
- Nucleus: Genetic control.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Understanding the Question:
The question asks to identify the cellular organelle responsible for generating most of the cell's supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), used as a source of chemical energy.

Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
- Mitochondria: Mitochondria are membrane-bound organelles found in most eukaryotic cells. They are often referred to as the "powerhouses of the cell" because they are the primary sites of cellular respiration. In this process, glucose and other fuel molecules are oxidized to produce ATP, which is the main energy currency of the cell.
- Ribosome: Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis (translation).
- Lysosome: Lysosomes are involved in waste breakdown and cellular recycling. They contain digestive enzymes.
- Golgi body (or Golgi apparatus): The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to other organelles.
Therefore, mitochondria are correctly termed the "powerhouse of the cell."

Step 4: Final Answer:
Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell.