Question

Which one of the following is the extensive property of a thermodynamic system?

• A. Volume
• B. Pressure
• C. Temperature
• D. Density

Hint:

A useful trick: Any property that is a ratio of two extensive properties becomes an intensive property (e.g., Density = Mass Volume).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Understanding the Question:
We need to identify which of the given thermodynamic properties is "extensive".


Step 2: Key Formula or Approach:
Properties of a system can be divided into two classes: Intensive properties: These are independent of the mass or size of the system (e.g., Temperature, Pressure, Density). Extensive properties: These depend on the size or extent of the system (e.g., Total mass, Total volume, Total energy).


Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
Let's evaluate each option by considering what happens if we cut a system in half: - Pressure: If you divide a gas container in half, the pressure in both halves remains the same. It does not depend on size. (Intensive)
- Temperature: Similarly, dividing a block of hot iron in half doesn't change its temperature. (Intensive)
- Density: The ratio of mass to volume. Both mass and volume halve, so the ratio remains constant. (Intensive)
- Volume: If you cut the system in half, the volume of each half is exactly half of the original. The total volume depends directly on the amount of matter. (Extensive)


Step 4: Final Answer:
Volume is an extensive property.