The circular flow of income is a model that shows the connections between different sectors of an economy. It consists of two main flows that move in opposite directions:
Real Flow: The flow of factors of production (land, labor, capital) from households to firms, and the flow of goods and services from firms to households.
Monetary Flow (or Money Flow): The flow of factor payments (rent, wages, interest) from firms to households, and the flow of consumption expenditure from households to firms.
The complete model includes both these flows.